Peters



@einen tsts jatnt @ffice ALPHA 0,. VERY, OF ANDUVER., NEW YORK Lctlers Patent No. 69,515, dated Uvtnbr l. 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS.

@its thehule referat tu in tlgfse @titers gatent :mt mating part nf tte sume.

T0 ALL WzII-OM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, ALPHA 0. VERY, of Andover', in the county of Allegany, and State of NewYork, have invented new and useful Improvements in lland and Power-Looms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of my improved loom in line .r .1', fig. 2.

Figure is a cross-section of the same in line y y, fig. 1. l

Figure 3 is a detached sectional view of the harnessframcs and of the tappets operating the same.

AFigureflis a detached view of the under side of the shuttle-race, showing the tripping mechanism.

Simile-r letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

' l'he nature of myinvention consists in providing the treadle-shaft at its forward portion with a loose jacket,

v"en which is formed a. s iral cam which o crates the harness-framcsl also in makin(r thc rear ends of the stra s which operate the levers of the shuttle motion adjustable, as hereinafter described; also, in tripping the picker staffs by means of two tripper arms formed on the treadle-shaft in the rear of the loose jacket in place of the straps now in common usc in combination with treadles; lastly, in connecting the lay to a crank movement in the front sides-ofY the frame to enable one person to operate the loom and attend to the fabric being Woven.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to fully understand and use the same, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation. Y

A, in the drawings, may represent the frame and B the batten or lay of the loom. C is the trcadle-shaft, carrying at its inner end the tappets or cams D D D D, which are secured on the shaft by means of the nut r. The shaft C has its bearings on the cross-piece a at the forward end, and at the cross-piece In at the middle of the frame A. These tappcts or cams operate theharness-frames E E E On the forward end of the shaft C is a loose jacket, F, provided with a spiral com, G, which is operated by two roller-pins g g on the under side of the shuttle-race H. The looscjacket F engages with the shaft C, when the lay is drawn forward, by means of the pawlf, operating on a'ratchet-wheel, e, on the shaft C, slipping back over the teeth of the same when the lay is pushed back, and allowing the jacket to be turned back by thc cam and roller-pins without operating the shaft. On the shaft C, in rear of the loose jacket, are formed two trippcr-arms, c d, which as the lay moves back alternately trip eff the levers L z', which are held in the. position shown in fig. 4 by means of a spring, il", relieving the picker-stads J, so that they ily inward by the force of the spring attached to them, thus driving the shuttle through the shed. The levers h L' hold the picker-staffs as soon as the latter have passed their outer ends in position to opera-te the shuttle. A band or strap, I, secured to the upper part of the picker-stati` J, is employed to draw back the picker-staffs. This band passes around rollers t, the bearings of which are on the lower sideof the shuttle-race and the uprights of thc lay, and these bands are fastened so as not to slip by means of set-screws m on the cross-piece b. These setscrews m, when the bands or straps I become stretched and refuse to setl the picker-staffs, areto be turned sufficiently to give to the bands the required tension. The pickcr-stafl`s I are pivoted at their lower ends to the cross-piece K on the lay or hatten B, and are held in a position toward each other by means of the spring j. The cams or tappets E are of a form, shown in fig. 3,'

shaped in-a quarter section of a circle, with a square opening in their angle, which fits on the square rear end ofthe shaft O, so that by unsorewing the nut r the cams can be changed in afcwseconds' tu any position necesa sary for ythe different kinds of cloth to be woven. As now commonly in use, the tappcts are securely held and prevented from slipping on the shaft by means of set-screws, and in changing them to another position much time is lost in unscrewing and refastening each separate tapp'et, and considerable care is necessary to get them again into correct and true position. By my invention this is entirely obviated, as cach tappet on being replaced must necessarily come at once into the correct and truc position to the others, and it is evident that a few seconds will suilice to slip them off and on to the shaft und secure them firmly in place by the nut 1'. .I do not-howcvelg confine myself to the exact form of the openings in the tappets or cams, as they may bc triangular or of any suitable angular form, or the circular shaft may be provided with grooves, and the round openings provided with projections fitting into the same, and vice versa. At the rear end of the frame A is situated the warp-beamV L, .to which thc necessary tension is given by means of a strap, n, ruiming over the Irletion-roller t, and attached to springs on the under side ofthe cross-bar u. Any known means may, however. be used for this purpose. The warp extends from the warp-beam L over the roller M, through the harness and beaters of the lay, where the shuttle weaves the cloth, which passes over the cloth-beam N on to the takt-np roller (Y), which is operated by a ratchetwheel and pawl in the usual manner, and the tension of which is regnlated by any well-known device. On each side of the frame, and on a shaft, Q, below the cloth-beam N, ipivoted a belt-wheel, P, provided with a crank, p, which has a handle, u', and is connected to the side oi' the lay by means of an arm, q. By these means the lay can be operated either by the handle w or by means t l' any power communicated to the belt-wheel or pulley P, so that my loom can he operated either as a hand or power-loom at will. The lay B consists of the usual frame, provided with beaters r and the shuttle-race Il, at the ends of which are the usual pockets s, which hold the blocks t, and are provided with the dctents u.

Operation.

When the lay is in position, as shown in iig. 1, the picker-staffs J are in position as shown in fig. 2, the shuttle in the right pocket and the tripperarm c in such a position that at the next revolution of the shaft it will be so placed as to strike the lever l1 on the backward movement of the lay, the straps or bands I being in a loose position, and the block t in the left pocket s ina forward position, after sending the shuttle to the oppesite side. The lay is now moved forward. The roller-pius ,1/ force thc shaft C to malte one-quarter turn, by means of the cam G on the loose jacket l", and the ratchet-wheel e and pawlf bringing the trippcr c in position to strike the lever t on the backward movement of the lay and tightening both straps 0r bands I, thereby setting the left picker-stati` and the block f in the left pockets. At the same time the first harness-frame E is raised and the third one lowered by means of their respective tappcts or cams revolving withthe shaft C. The lay now moves back, revolving the loosejackct F on the shaft C without revolving the latter. The lever L coming in Contact with the tripper c releases the picker-stall` J, which. by means of the springj, is thrown bach into its normal position, and sending the shuttle across and through the warp into the left pocket s, where it is retained by the detent, and placing the parts in positiun as shown in tig-1. The lay being again moved forward, the same action takes place with the loft parts of the loom as above described with the right parts, and so on, the harnessframes changing with every forward movement of the lay. For diifcrent kinds of cloths the harness-frames can be differently arranged Within a few seconds.

do not confine myselfI to the use of the exact form of the cam as represented iu my drawings, but may operate the jacket by means of a straight lever acted upon by the lay, or any equivalent device. By my improvements one person can easily turn the lay with either hand and attend to the weaving with the other. The loom may be operated also by any other than hand-power. which maybe communicated to thc pulley l" by means of a band.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Operating the treadle-shaft of looms by means of a direct action of the lay on a cam formed on a loose jacket on the treadle-shaft, substantially as described.

2. The spiral cam G on the loose `jacket: F on the treadleshaft C, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The roller-pins g g ou the under side of the shuttle-race l1, operating the cam G en the loose jacket l", substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. Making the straps operating the picker-staffs adjustable, substantially as described.

5. The tripper-arms c d on the treadle-shaft C, substantially as and for the purpose described.

The above specification of my improvements in hand and power-looms signed this fifteenth day of ltebruary, 1867. v

A. O. VERX.

Witnesses:

N. K. ELLswoarH, ALEX. A. C. KLAUCKE. 

